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The return of the giant airships? A


airship's first flight date of 1852. Becoming throughout the second half of the nineteenth century, the leaders rigid hull have become increasingly popular in the early twentieth century.

Airships were used during the First World War, and even passenger liners. But after a series of accidents in the 30's, have given them a reputation of dangerousness, the giant airships were gradually abandoned.

Today, airships, much smaller than their predecessors, are no longer used solely for publicity purposes as tourist attractions, for monitoring or research.

But all this could change soon, and the near future expect the return of giant airships.


What a blimp?

An airship is a lighter machine than air, or balloon, which can be driven and directed.

non-rigid airships, the most "primitive", have no internal structure.

Airships rigid hull, however, have an internal frame (metal) that support the outer shell, as well as engines, gondolas, tails, etc..

The airships are often called "Zeppelins" because of the popularity of airships built by German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin in the early twentieth century.


Short historical overview

After a century of experimentation to send hot air balloons in the sky, the first balloon flight with human passengers was held in France, in Annonay, in 1783, in balloon (a "Balloon") built by the Montgolfier brothers.

The next step would be the Construct of a ball with motor. This was done in 1852 by another French, Henri Giffard, who ran 27 km with Steam his airship. The following decades saw the invention of electric-powered airships, and later at moteru gasoline.

The new crucial development occurred toward the end of the century, when the German, David Schwarz, designed and built the first rigid airship, equipped with a metal outer shell.

Many airships were built and tested in subsequent years. During the Franco-Prussian War of 1870-1871, France including airships used to carry the mail.

This gave the German Count Ferdinand von Zeppelin, the idea of building his own model. However, it could not achieve his dream before 1900, when his first 128-meter long airship, the LZ 1, flew to the bailiffs speed of 9 m / s (3 meters higher than the airship La France, which previously held the record). Despite a lack of financial support, Zeppelin continued to build more reliable models. By 1909, the Zeppelins were used for commercial transport of passengers.

But with the failure of the First World War, airships were hardly more employees than for military purposes. Germany, but England, France and Italy, used them to spy and as a platform to launch bombs.

After the war, the passenger returned and became increasingly popular. The USS Shenandoah, which opened in 1923 in the aero-naval base Lakehurst, New Jersey (where also would be the disaster of the Hindenburg, 14 years later), was the first of four airships hull solid American ever constructed. For the first time, an airship used an inert gas, helium, to fly instead of an explosive gas, hydrogen.

The years 1920 and 1930 were the culmination of the use of giant airships as LZ 127 Graf Zeppelin and LZ 129 Hindenburg, who became the means of transatlantic transport of passengers, from Germany to North America and Brazil. Arrow Art Deco Empire State Building was originally designed to serve as a terminal to these transatlantic airships.

However, the disaster of the Hindenburg in 1937, as well as other lesser accidents (the U.S. qutre airships had been destroyed acccidentellement 1935) and the U.S. refusal to sell helium (which they controlled the supply) Germany, hastened the abandonment of giant airships.

During the Second World War, only the USA made it a real use of airships, all non-rigid. The giant airships seemed to really be something in the past. That is to say, until very recently ...


The return of giant airships?

In recent years, with an awareness and a greater consideration of environmental issues, so totally unexpected, the giant airships could well find a second wind.


- Project Skyhook

In 2008, the Canadian company, Skyhook has developed the idea of using a giant blimp, JHL-40, to carry loads of 40 tons in places isolated. The use of a blimp could make farm forestry, mining or drilling in remote locations (such as the Arctic or the Amazon), less harmful to the environment, particularly by eliminating the need to build roads. The airship could also be used for transporting equipment to offshore drilling sites. The airship

Skyhook use just enough helium to carry its own weight, its four propeller helicopter-loading of cargo. The only environmental problem with the JHL-40, however, is that it could encourage the development of industrial projects in places hitherto preserved, making them more easily ...

- The Euro Airship

Meanwhile, on the other side of the Atlantic, the idea of using airships giant was also the path. This possibility had been raised several years ago, when the pieces of the aircraft giant Airbus A380 had to be transported across Europe to Toulouse for assembly. A special transport aircraft had been manufactured, and a number of roads built or bridges removed, the parties transported by road. Some had then remarked that transport by airship would have been easier and more economical. But the idea had been unsuccessful.

And then in October 2009, Euro Airship, based in France, announced that after several years of research and development, it is ready to build a giant airship rigid hull. The giant airship

(capable of carrying some 400 tons!) Is a hearth for economical and ecological alternative to the cargo plane, since its fuel consumption would be 10 times lower than that of a plane carrying the same load.

Jean Lescat, CEO of Euro Airship, and society leaders, hoping to capitalize on the craze for green technology to find the necessary financial support (5 million) to build their first prototype. They plan to produce some 10 airships a year by 2016.


Sources:

L'Express, October 2009
http://blogs.lexpress.fr/conso

http://blogs.nature.com/news/thegreatbeyond/2008/07/giant_airships_ecocredentials.html

http://www.girdersandgears.com/airships.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zeppelin

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Paris is the most populous city and capital of France, capital of the Ile-de-France and is located on the loop of the Seine in central Paris Basin . Paris is a crossroads between land and river trade routes.

His motto "nec Fluctuat mergitur" evokes the ship which appears on the crest of it. Its patron is Saint Genevieve which according to legend, evita by his prayers that Attila the Huns and occupy the city in the fifth century, his shrine is located at the church Saint-Etienne-du-mont .

The name comes from the people of Paris Gallic Parisii occupying the Ile de la Cité in the third century BC They were defeated by the Romans in 52 BC. AD The city was then called Lutetia (Latin name which means mud) and extends on the left bank of the Seine to the current Montagne Sainte Genevieve. France was invaded by barbarians in the third century AD. And in 486 AD, Clovis, leader of the Franks was elected king after his baptism and made Paris his capital in 506. With Charlemagne, Aix-la-Chapelle became the capital of the kingdom. A few years later, the Normans begin to invade the country. In 885, the Vikings up the Seine and besieged Island City, they were repulsed after several Assauer ts by Eudes, count of Paris, to be elected king of the Franks.

From that time, Paris was again the capital and the kings live at the Conciergerie e . In 1163, we began building the cathedral of Notre-Dame . Then Philippe Auguste who reigned from 1165 to 1223 built a new wall around the city, reinforced by the fortress of the Louvre (1190), it is also paving the streets important, creates market Halles. In 1215, the University of Paris was founded and we see the rise Sainte Chapelle q eu St. Louis ordered built to house the crown of thorns and other relics of the Passion of Christ redeemed to the Emperor of Byzantium. In 1250, Jean de Sorbon founded a college for young penniless students who study theology; be called "Sorbonne" two centuries later.

the fourteenth century, the population is suffering from the famine and plague, then by the Hundred Years War between France and England. King Charles V (1364-1380) built a new wall to protect the right bank of new suburbs against the English, it is reinforced by the fortresses of Bastille and the Louvre it expands. But the capital is occupied by the British in 1420. Joan of Arc unsuccessfully besieged Paris, which will lib ERA in 1436 by Charles VII . But he and his successors do not wary of the capital and prefer to stay at Val de Loire. But the monarchy is concerned about the sprawl of the city enacts a first planning regulations in 1500 for the Pont Notre Dame. Hotels in Sens and Cluny are the last buildings of Gothic art. See list of medieval buildings .

Paris in 1550



In 1528, Francis resides in Paris and transforms the old Louvre into a Renaissance palace, he begins to build the church Saint-Eustache and City Hall ; the city then experienced great intellectual and cultural influence, which will exclaim with Charles V: "Lutetia non urbs, sed orbis. "But since 1534, starting problems between Catholics and Protestants. Paris, generally hostile to reform, participating in the massacre of Huguenots on the night of St. Bartholomew in 1572. It was only after having abjured his Protestant faith that King Henry IV enters Paris: "Paris is worth a Mass," he said. The Bourbons will beautify the city, Henry IV, aided by his minister Sully, completes the bridge Nine and Hotel de Ville, the Louvre continues and Tuileries started by Catherine de Medicis, based spaces Geometric: Place Royale (now Place des Vosges ) and Place Dauphine .




The cultural influence continued under Louis XIII with the creation of the royal printing of Jardin des Plantes (the Royal Garden of Medicinal Plants in this time). New fortifications are done right bank (current boulevards). The two islands are connected by a bridge and girdled with masonry piers. Richelieu based Academy French, he built the Palais Cardinal (now Palais Royal) and Marie de Medici, the Hall of BlackRock rg. Under the regency of Anne of Austria, widow of Louis XIII, we built the church Saint Sulpice Abbey and Royal Go the Grace . later Louis XIV left Paris to live in Versailles because he could not forget the rebellion of the Fronde. But Paris remains the center of intellectual life and continues to ê be beautified under the authority of Colbert: the colonnade of the Louvre, the Invalides , the Observatory The hospital of the Salpetriere , the College des Quatre Nations (now the Institute), the Porte Saint-Denis and Saint-Martin, the royal seat of Louis-le-Grand ( Vendome e ) and wins, the gardens of the Tuileries the Gobelins , wharves, f ontaines, majestic buildings facing the popular Paris, crowded and wretched. The King o u i s XV also lives in Versailles, but it continues to beautify Paris: military school for young people the n oblesse poor and the Champ de Mars beside devoted to military exercises, the Pantheon the old church of Saint Genevieve, instead of Concorde , first place Royal open.

If you wish to make a trip to Paris, you should follow the advice in this site: http://www.routard.com/guide/paris/ 300/itineraires_conseilles.htm

Watch the following video: the fabulous story of the Eiffel Tower http://ma-tvideo.france3.fr/video/iLyROoafMJQZ.html

To learn more about the architecture of Paris, click one of the districts that appear on the site map next http://www.parisbalades.com/

must look at the pictures of this beautiful city on this site http://www.photosparis.fr/